Self-regulating system of electrical distribution.



No. 826,429. PATENTED JULY 17, 1906 4 A. s. HUBBARD & E. LYNDON. sEL.REGULATING SYSTEM OF ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 3. 190a.

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APPLICATION FILED NOV. 3, 1903. I

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SELF RE-GULATING SYSTEM OF ELECTRICALDISTRIBUTIONL APPLICATION FILEDnov. a. 1903.

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ALBERT S. HUBBARD. OF GREENWIOH. CONNECTICUT, AND EDWARD LYNDON, OF NEWYORK, N. Y.; ASSIGNORS TO GOULD STORAGE BATTERY COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N.Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

SELF-REGULATING SYSTEM OF ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION.

Specification of Letters Patent. 7

Patented July 17, 1906.

Application filed November 3,1903. Serial No. 179,660-

To all whom it may concern. Be it known that we, ALBERT S. HUBBARD,residing in Greenwich, in the county of Fairheld and State ofConnecticut, and EDWARD LYNDON, residing in the borough of Manhattan,city, county, and State of New York, citizens of the United States, haveinvented a new and useful Self-Regulating System of ElectricalDistribution, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to regulating sys tems of electrical currentdistribution com-' enerator runs at anap roximately constant oad and theauxiliary rIevices respond to the load fluctuations the voltage at thegeneratorstation will be a proximately constant, while the voltage at te end of the feeders or at the center of distribution will fall as theload on the feeders increases (due to the greater drop therein) as aresult of the increased current. Our invention is designed to overcomethis and to increase the electromotive force at the generator-stationwith the increase in load to compensate for the increased drop in thefeeders or work-circuit.

In practice it, has been common to employ an overcompounded generator inorder to raise the potential at the generating-station to compensate fordrop in the work-circuit, the electromotive force of" the generatorbeing increased by means of a series winding on its field, so that astheload increases the electromotive force of the generator will be.

increased. When such a system is provided with auxiliary devices, theload changes are mostly absorbed by the auxiliary, devices, whichreactin response thereto and do'not reach the generator. of the dynamovoltage is thus prevented, and its overcompounding field-windings arethus rende ed in a large measure useless.

Our invention is designed to prevent the occurrence of such conditionsby enabling the dynamo to respond to the changes in the work-circuit andto give the whole system a The automatic raising rising voltagecharacteristic with increasing load, and vice versa.

We have illustrated our invention in the accompanying drawings, showingthe manner in which we accomplish this.

Figure 1 of said drawings shows a system embodying our invention. Figs.2, 3, 4, and 5 show modifications thereof.

In Fig. 1, A indicates the generator, B the.

storage battery, and O a difierentially-wound booster. circuit. Eindicates a shunt field-winding for the generator, whichwinding is shownas provided with a rheostatic regulator G. F indicates a seriesfield-winding for the generator, which winding is in series with theload on the work-circuit DD and is responsive thereto. The serieswinding F is adjusted by one or more resistances, as H H,

across the same and controlled as desired by the switches I and I. J isa field-winding for the booster and is connected to -o eratediflerentially with a field-winding and regulated as desired by therheostatic controller M. K is a rheostatic-re ulator in shunt to thewinding L for regu ating the efiect of this winding. The winding Lconstitutes a field-coil for the booster C and is shown as connected inseries between the enerator and booster and field-coil F and ine D.

In the system as above described and illustrated upon an increase ofcurrent in the workcircuit D D due' to an increase of load this currentcirculating through fcoil F causes the voltage of the generator A torise accord- D D indicate the feeders or work-- ingly. The current inthe armature pf dynamo A, however, is kept a proximately constantthrough the action 0 the booster and battery. Upon the current in thework circuit D D falling to the normal for which the battery and boosterare set the voltage of dynamo A is reduced to its normal through theaction of series field-coil F, and through the action of the booster thebattery neither charges nor discharges. Upon a further decrease ofcurrent in' D D below normal the volta e of dynamo A still furtherdecreases,

and t e battery then charges by the action of the booster. p In practicethe current through the booster- IOO 2o series between the coil L doesnot change more than ten per cent, a greater change being checked bybattery action.

The number of cells of battery connected to the circuit may be such thatthe battery voltage is equal to, greater than, or less than the voltageof the generator, the design f the booster being modified to care forthe conditions, bein slightly different in each case.

In Fig. 2 is illustrated the same arran ement with another form ofbooster. -In t 's figufi'e, A is a dynamo having a shunt-field E witpounding field F with regulating-shunts H H and shunt-switches I If. D Dre resentthe load-circuit, B a storage battery, a booster having a fieldN connected'in circuit in series relation with acounter-electromotive-forcc generator 0. L is the field of thecounterelectromotive-force generator, connected in generator A,field-coil F, and the line D, regulated by the rheostat K. The risingvoltage characteristic of A with this system is the same as thatobtained with the system illustrated in Fig. 1. The method of obtainingregulation by means of the battery and booster, however, is difierent.In

' Fig. 2 the booster C is provided with a fieldwinding N, connectedacross the line between X and D or other suitable points and containingin tive-force force or potential difference at the terminals of whichvaries in accordance with :the cure rentin the field-winding L. Incalculating abooster-battery installation for this modification of theinvention .the nilmberincolls; may also be such thatthe battery voltageis equal to, less than, or greater than :theilinc voltage, it beingsimply late for the plant so that for normal load in amieres in L thealgebraic sumof the battery an booster voltages mustibe equal to thevoltage of the line.

Fig. 8 illustrates a system wherein an exciter R is used to excite thebooster fieldwinding N, the windings L and J, with their regulators Kand M, being arranged to 11- late the exciter R. The calculations fofiistype of booster are the same as ior Fig. 1, cxcept that the polarity andvoltage of exciter R as determined by windings L and J must be such thatwhen applied to the terminals of N the proper output of 0 must beobtained.

Fig. 4 illustrates the same system as Fig. 3, excepting that the windingJ is connected directly to the battery-terminals P in Figs. 2, 3, and 4is a rheostat by means of which the percentage of load increases ordecreases taken by the'dynamo may be changed.

Fig. 5 shows two dynamos A and A nected to operate with the system shownin Fig. 1, it being understood t rheostatic regulator G and an overcom-'its circuit the counter-elcctromm generator 0, the elcctromotivenecessary :to calmof dynamos may be connected to operate in a similarmanner.

B. the work-c-ircuit is meant that ory P leads to and including thetranslating devices. By the gen'crator-circuit is meant that portion ofthe distributing-lines extending from the generator bus-bars to the'unction of the battery-leads with the wor circuit.

By means of our invention as above described the load on the generatoris maintained practically constant within certain limits correspondingto the average load on the feeders D '1), while the generator isautomatically given a rising voltage character is tic with increases inload, and vice versa.

We do not wish to. be understood asv limiting our invention to anyparticular form of booster; but,

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire tosecure by Let tors Patent, is-

ren-t changes in said circuit. 3. In a r ulating system of currentgeneration and istribntion, a generator, a workcircuit, and a storagebattery and booster to take load fluctuations, said generator having acompound field-wind Y with the series 001 thereof in the work-circuitand responsive to load fluctuations therein 4:. A system-of currentgeneration and disitribution comprising a generator, a storage batteryand boosterand a Work-circuit, a series coil on the generator responsiveto battery action, and causing the generator voltage'to rise on increaseof load.

5. A-system of current generation and dis.- tributipn comprising agenerator oircnit, .a storage battery and booster and a work-circult,and a series coil on the generator in series in the work-circuit andtrayersed by the currents from the battery andgenerator to thework-circuit.

6. A system of generation and distribution comprising agenerator-circuit, a work-w cnift,.a storage battery and booster, anexat any number.

eittor t-i'orthe booster-afield. in the generator 1. A system of currentgeneration and disorator elec-tromotive force in response to curcircuitand responsive to electrical conditions therein, and a series field-coilfor the generator in the work-circuit.

' 7. A system of generation and distribution comprising a generator, awork-circuit, stor-( age battery and booster, an exciter for thebooster-field in the generator-circuit, a fieldcoil for said exciter inseriesin the generator circuit, a series field-coil for the generator inseriesin the work-circuit.

8. In a system of electrical distribution comprising a generator, awork-circuit and auxiliary devices consisting of a battery and booster,means in the work-circuit for varying the electromotive force of thegenerator,

and a counter-electronictive-force generator in circuit with thebooster-field and responsive to the load in the generator-circuit.

9. In a system-of electrical distribution comprising a generator, aWork-circuit, and auxiliary devices consisting of a battery and booster,a field-coil for the generator in series in the work circut, and acounter-electromotive-force generator in circuit with the booster-fieldand responsive to the load in the generator-circuit.

10. In a system of. electrical distribution comprising a generator,awork-circuit, an auxiliary devices consisting of a battery and booster,means in the work-circuit for varying the-electromotive force of thegenerator, a counter electroniotive-force generator in circuit with thebooster-fieldand responsive 'to the load in thework-circuit, and afieldcoil for said counter-electromotive-force generator in series inthe generator-circuit.

11. In a system of electricaldistribution comprising a generator, awork-circuit, and auxiliary devices consisting of a battery andbo0ster,'a field-coil for the generator in series in the work-circuit, acounter-electromotive-force generator in circuit with the booster-fieldand responsive to the load inthe generator-circuit, and a field-coil forsaid counter-electromotive-force generator in series in thegenerator-circuit.

12. In a system of electrical generation and distribution, thecombination with a work-circuit of a generator for supplying electriccurrent, said generator having a shunt-winding and means for regulatingthe strength of this winding, a winding in series with the work-circuit,means for regulating the strength of this windin a storage battery andooster ins'eries rel ation, connected across the circuit between thegenerator and the work-circuit; a" winding for the booster connected'acrossrthe work-circuit and means for regulatin ;-the strength of thisWinding, an additiona :winding for thebooster con.-

nected in circuit-in series between the generatorandthe work-circuit,and meansfor regulating the strength of this 1 13 In a systemofelectrical istribution,

the combination of a main generator having a shunt-winding and a serieswinding, a storage battery, and an auxiliary generator, the serieswinding of the main generator being energized by the algebraic sum ofthe current from said main generator and the current from the auxiliarygenerator.

14. In a system of electrical distribution, the combination of agenerator, a work-circuit and a storage battery assisting the generatorat periods when the generator load exceeds a predetermined value, anauxiliary generator whereby charge and discharge of the battery areassisted, connected thereto, a winding of comparatively coarse wire onthe generator-field, and circuit connections whereby the total currentoutput to the Work-circuit is passed through the said coarsewire windingon thegenerator-fields.

15. In a system of electrical distribution,

the combination of a generator, a work-circuitand a storage batteryconnected thereto which receives charge at periods when the generatorload is less than some assigned value and discharges when said loadexceeds this value, an auxiliary generator to assist charge anddischarge of the battery, acoarsewire winding on the generator-fields,arid cuit connections whereby the combine generator and battery.discharge currents are caused to pass through the coarse-wire wind- 16.In a system of electrical distribution,

the combination of a generator having shunt and series field-winding, awork-circuit, a storage battery, an auxiliary generator for assistingthe battery to charge and dischar e,

circuits and connectionsfor maintaining t e generator-current outputsubstantially constant, and means whereby the generatorfield excitation,due to the series winding, varies proportionately to the current outputto the work-circuit Without necessitating any change in thegenerator-current.

17. In a system of electrical distribution, the combination of agenerator having shunt and series field-windings, a work-circuit, a.

storage battery, and an auxiliary generator for assisting the charge anddischarge of the battery, and circuits and connections where- 'by themagnetization due to the series winding of the main generator variesproportionately to the current output of the system to the work-circuit.

18. In a system of electrical distribution, the combination of aenerator having shunt and series fields, awo'r -circuit, a storagebattery, and an auxiliaryg'enerator to assist battery charge anddischarge, and circuitconnections such that the magnetization of theseries fieldof the main generator is zero when the external load iszero, and varies with variations in the external load.

19. In a system of electrical distribution,

cir-

the combination of a "generator, 4% 'workV-cir cuit, a; storage betteran auxiliary genera,- tcr, a series coil for-the main. generator,circuits and connections whereby the magnetization of the series coiliszproporticnalto the algebraic sum of thegencrator and batterycurrents,considering Hgeherator-cunent and pol'tiona'l to the-difi'erencebetween-said emtor and balttery currents when the attery-isreceivingcharge while the other of 20 n'etizwtien ofone of said coils iswhen the battery isdischargin and is prosaid coils has asixbstantiallyconstent cur- };attery discharge sis-positivequuntiti'esend rent. attery charge a sanegativequantity. i 20. Inesystem of elecm'cal451istrihuticn, the combination of a generator, awork-cir- 1 I cuit, a storage battery, ana/uxilinry genem- Witnesses:

tor, two field-e0ils for the main-generator, and circuits andconnections whereby 'the -msg- L. LITTL'EFIELD, Jr., JJOSEPHSTARKENSTEIN.

proportional I 5 to the sum of generator andbattery currents,

